CT LUMBAR SPINE

What is this test?
A Computed Tomography (CT) scan of the lumbar spine produces detailed cross-sectional images of the lower back vertebrae. Using X-rays combined with advanced computer processing, this imaging technique visualizes the bones, discs, spinal canal, and surrounding soft tissues in the lumbar region, which includes the five vertebrae between the thoracic spine and the sacrum.

What is it used for?

• Detecting fractures caused by trauma, osteoporosis, or degenerative changes
• Evaluating disc disease, including herniated or bulging discs that may compress nerves
• Assessing spinal stenosis — narrowing of the spinal canal that can cause pain or neurological symptoms
• Identifying tumors or abnormal growths in the lumbar spine or adjacent tissues
• Investigating causes of lower back pain, sciatica, or neurological deficits
• Guiding surgical or interventional planning related to the lumbar spine

Who should get this test?

• Patients experiencing persistent or severe lower back pain not resolved by conservative treatment
• Individuals with recent trauma or injury to the lower back
• Patients with symptoms such as leg weakness, numbness, or radiating pain suggestive of nerve involvement
• Those suspected of having spinal tumors, infections, or other structural abnormalities requiring detailed imaging

Preparation Required:

• No special preparation is necessary before the scan
• Removal of any metallic items or jewelry near the lower back is recommended to avoid image artifacts

How is the procedure performed?
The patient lies on their back on the CT table, which moves slowly through the scanner’s gantry. Multiple X-ray images are taken from different angles to create detailed cross-sectional views of the lumbar spine. The procedure typically lasts between 5 and 10 minutes. The patient must remain still and may be asked to hold their breath briefly for optimal image quality.

Risks & Safety:
This procedure involves exposure to ionizing radiation, which carries a small risk that is justified by the diagnostic benefits. Radiation dose is minimized as much as possible, and the test is generally considered safe when clinically indicated. No contrast material is usually needed for a standard lumbar spine CT.

Results:
A radiologist analyzes the images to identify fractures, disc abnormalities, spinal canal narrowing, tumors, or other pathological changes. A comprehensive report is sent to the referring physician to inform diagnosis and treatment planning.